目的:了解广东地区阿片类药物依赖者流行病学特征,进一步做好阿片类药物依赖防治工作.方法:采用问卷调查,对2000年1月～2009年12月在解放军广州疗养院自愿戒毒中心住院的广东地区阿片类药物依赖者的资料进行分析.结果:本地区阿片类药物依赖者中90.52%为男性,29岁以下青少年占71.38%,职业为个体工商户占77.64%,初中及以下文化占84.27%.阿片类药物中海洛因占98.66%,吸毒方式中烫吸占46.88%,静脉注射占39.04%,引起并发症的占89.27%.传染性疾病占62.66%,乙肝、丙肝、艾滋病HIV阳性、性病、活动性肺结核分别占32.42%、24.02%、1.59%、2.77%、1.86%.结论:海洛因是广东地区阿片类药物依赖的主要类型,29岁以下的青少年是阿片类药物依赖的高危易感人群,吸毒方式主要是烫吸和静脉注射,吸毒人员合并的乙肝、丙肝、艾滋病等传染性疾病明显高于正常人群.%Objective: To study the epidemic characteristics of opiate dependence patients in Guangdong area, further improve the prevention and treatment of opiate dependence. Methods: Adopt questionnaire investigation, analysis was carried out among Guangdong area opiate dependence patients who were hospitalized in Guangzhou sanatorium voluntary detoxifi cation center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) from January 2000 to December 2009. Results: Opiate dependence patients in Guangdong area tended to be male (90.52％), young people aged below 29 years (71.38％), private entrepreneurs (77.64％) and 84.27％ of those got only junior school or below education. Heroin (98.66％) was the major opiates abused. Inhalation and intravenous injection were the first two ways of administration (46.88％ and 39.04％). Most of those had complications (89.27%), especially infectious complications (62.66％), such as viral hepatitis type B(32.42％), viral hepatitis C(24.02%), HIV positive(1.59％), sexually-transmitted disease (2.77％) and active pulmonary tuberculosis (1.86％). Conclusion: In Guangdong area, Heroin is the major opiates abused, young people aged below 29 years are considered as the high-risk opiates abuser groups. Inhalation and injection are the first two ways of administration. The incidence of infectious complications, such as viral hepatitis type B, viral hepatitis C, HIV positive and so on, in opiate dependant patients are considerably higher than those in normal population.
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