布拉酵母菌预防新生儿感染性肺炎继发腹泻的效果观察

摘要

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Brad's yeast in the prevention of secondary diarrhea in neonatal infectious pneumonia. Methods 120 cases of children fit the diagnosis of neonatal infectious pneumonia were assigned to observation group (62 cases) and control group (58 cases). Both groups were given antibiotics and symptomatic supportive treatment, while the observation group was given additional full course of oral administration of Brad's yeast. Children with secondary diarrhea in both groups were given montmorillonite powder orally. Time of occurrence, incidence of diarrhea, the number of diarrhea three days after onset, diarrhea duration and adverse reactions in the course of treatment of both groups were statistically analyzed. Results There were 33 cases of diarrhea in the control group, with the incidence rate of 56.9%; in the observation group there were 12 cases of diarrhea, with the incidence rate of 19.4%. Differences analysis results between the two groups were statistically significant (x2 = 11.87, P < 0.01). Diarrhea onset times, number of diarrhea three days after onset and diarrhea duration of the two groups were significantly different (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). In addition to antibiotics allergic reactions in both groups, the control group showed four cases of fungal stomatitis. No other significant adverse reactions occurred. Conclusion Brad's yeast used in the prevention of secondary diarrhea in neonatal infectious pneumonia shows good effect. It can significantly reduce and delay the occurrence of secondary diarrhea, reduce the secondary diarrhea extent, lead to rapid recovery after symptomatic treatment of diarrhea. It is safe to be used in the prevention of neonatal antibiotic-associated diarrhea except for critically ill cases.%目的 观察布拉酵母菌用于预防新生儿感染性肺炎继发腹泻的临床效果及安全性.方法 将符合新生儿感染性肺炎诊断的患儿120例分为观察组(62例)和对照组(58例),两组均给予抗生素及对症支持治疗,观察组在抗生素治疗的同时给予布拉酵母菌口服至疗程结束,两组患儿发生继发性腹泻者均给予蒙脱石散口服,对两组患儿继发性腹泻的发生时间、发生率、出现腹泻第3天腹泻次数、腹泻持续时间以及治疗过程中不良反应的发生情况进行统计学分析.结果 对照组发生腹泻33例,发生率为56.9%,观察组发生腹泻12例,发生率为19.4%,两组比较差异有高度统计学意义(χ2 = 11.87,P ＜ 0.01).两组在继发性腹泻出现时间、腹泻出现第3天腹泻次数、发生腹泻至腹泻停止总天数比较,差异有统计学意义(P ＜ 0.01或P ＜ 0.05).两组患儿治疗过程中除抗生素过敏反应,对照组有4例霉菌性口腔炎外均无其他明显不良反应发生.结论 布拉酵母菌应用于预防新生儿感染性肺炎继发腹泻效果良好,可明显减少并延缓继发性腹泻的发生,能减轻继发性腹泻程度,发生腹泻后经对症治疗恢复快,用于预防新生儿抗生素相关性腹泻除危重症患儿外临床安全.