一次性痰液收集器在危重患者痰培养标本采集中的应用研究

摘要

目的 探讨在危重患者中应用一次性痰液收集器采集痰培养标本,提高痰培养标本质量.方法 对入住ICU的肺部感染患者的痰培养标本的合格率、阳性率、假阳性率、假阴性率等病原体检测情况进行监测,将372例需要进行痰细菌培养检查且不能自行咳痰的危重患者随机分为对照组与观察组,对照组采用一次性普通吸痰管吸痰采集痰培养标本,观察组采用一次性痰液收集器采集痰培养标本.比较两组患者标本质量及监测结果.结果 观察组痰培养标本合格率为90.86％,病原菌检测阳性率为84.94％,假阳性率为0.53％,假阴性率为3.76％,和对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 危重患者应用一次性痰液收集器采集痰培养标本,可提高痰标本采集质量,使标本的合格率、阳性率增高,假阳性率、假阴性率降低,效果优于一次性普通吸痰管.%Objective To investigate the application of disposable sputum collectors in the sputum culture specimen collection among critically ill patients and improve the quality of sputum culture specimens.Methods The pass rate,positive rate,false positive rate,false negative rate and other pathogen detection conditions of sputum culture specimens of the patients with lung infection hospitalized in ICU were monitored.372 critically ill patients needing sputum bacterial culture examination but not able to expectorate sputum independently were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group.The control group used the disposable ordinary sputum suction tube to collect the sputum culture specimen and the observation group used the disposable sputum collector to collect the sputum culture specimen.The specimen quality and monitoring results of the two groups of patients were compared.Results In the observation group,the pass rate of sputum culture specimen was 90.86％ and the positive rate,false positive rate and false negative rate were 84.94％,0.53％ and 3.76％,which had statistically significant difference from the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Using disposable sputum collectors to collect the sputum culture specimens of critically ill patients can improve the quality of sputum specimens,improve the pass rate and positive rate of specimens,and reduce the false positive rate and false negative rate of specimens,of which the effect is superior to that of ordinary disposable sputum suction tubes.