葡萄糖转运蛋白1在阿尔茨海默病中的作用研究进展

摘要

Alzheimers disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia in the elderly.The incidence of Alzheimers disease is increasing year by year.At present,the pathogenesis of Alzheimers disease has not been fully elucidated and there is no effective preventive and therapeutic measures.Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) is a glucose transporter expressed mainly in the blood-brain barrier endothelial cells,which transports blood glucose to the brain tissue along the blood-brain barrier and provides energy for metabolism of brain cells.It is concluded that the expression of GLUT1 in the blood-brain barrier endothelial cells of AD patients is decreased,which may be related to the pathogenesis and pathological damage of AD.GLUT1 play a important role in the damage of blood-brain barrier integrity,amyloid βpeptide (Aβ) clearance and phosphorylation of tau.By reviewing relevant literatures in recent years,we hope to explore the GLUT1 in AD to provide a reference.%阿尔茨海默病(AD)是老年人最常见的痴呆类型,其发病率呈逐年增长趋势,目前发病机制尚未完全阐明,亦无有效的预防及治疗措施.葡萄糖转运蛋白1 (GLUT1)是主要在血脑屏障内皮细胞表达的葡萄糖转运体,介导血液葡萄糖顺浓度梯度跨血脑屏障转运至脑组织,为脑组织细胞提供代谢所需能量.研究表明,GLUT1在AD患者血脑屏障内皮细胞表达减少,可能与AD发病机制及病理损害有关,笔者通过查阅近年来相关研究文献,系统总结了GLUT1在血脑屏障完整性破坏、Aβ清除障碍、Tau蛋白过度磷酸化等多个AD病理过程中的作用研究进展,以期为进一步探索GLUT1在AD中的确切作用机制实验研究提供参考.