风电行星齿轮系统变载荷激励动力学模型及其响应特性

摘要

According to the characteristics of varying load and varying speed of the planetary gear system of a wind turbine,the dynamics model of the planetary gear system under varying load was proposed and the differential equation of system motion was obtained by analyzing the forces of components with rigid body or elastic body and applying theory of the composite motion.On the basis of these,the mechanism of influence of the internal and external incentive on dynamic load and dynamic factor of planetary gear system was analyzed.Taking a typical MW planetary gear system of wind turbine as an example,the dynamic response characteristics were simulated and analyzed,the results show that the time—varying mesh stiffness of gear pairs and the time—varying stiffness of bearing affect the size of response frequency,the low frequency components are found in response frequencies and energy allocation of various order frequencies is also influenced because of the external loads.The research results lay a foundation for dynamic optimization design and life analysis of wind turbine gearbox.%针对风电行星齿轮系统变载变速的运行特点,通过分析系统构件为刚体和弹性体时的受力情况,应用运动合成原理,提出了变载荷激励下行星齿轮系统动力学模型的建立方法,并推导出系统的运动微分方程.在此基础上,分析了行星齿轮系统的内外部激励因素及其对系统动载荷和动载系数的影响机理.计算并分析了某MW级风电行星齿轮系统的动态响应,结果表明:系统的时变啮合刚度和时变轴承刚度主要影响响应频率的数值大小和系统的振动能量；外部变载荷使响应频率中存在明显的低频成分,并影响各阶振动间的能量分配；齿轮啮合力的动载系数主要受到外部变载荷的影响,而轴承力的动载系数同时受到系统内部激励和外部激励的影响.研究结果为风电齿轮箱的疲劳寿命分析和动态优化设计奠定了基础.