基于粗糙集田口质量观的失效模式与影响分析

摘要

Aiming at the problems in assessing the risk of failure modes contained actual greater risk in current FMEA effectively,a new FMEA method was proposed based on rough set theory and quality loss function.First,on the basis of potential failure mode analysis,the matrix model of failure modes risk assessment was constructed by expert system.Second,in order to reduce the subj ectivity and vagueness of the data itself,the matrix model of risk assessment was converted into rough domain matrix model based on the rough set theory.Third,combined with the solved rough domain matrix, potential loss of each failure mode was solved by applying multivariate quality loss function model. Risk level of failure mode could be sorted according to the potential loss.Finally,an engine assembly process was used as an example to analyze the failure modes and influences.Reasonableness and effec-tiveness of the proposed method were validated by comparing the results with the current FMEA method.%针对目前失效模式与影响分析(FMEA)方法中对实际风险较大的失效模式的风险难以有效评估的问题，提出了一种基于粗糙集理论和质量损失函数的 FMEA 新方法。首先，在对潜在失效模式进行分析的基础上，通过专家系统构建失效模式风险评估矩阵模型；其次，以降低数据本身的主观性和模糊性为目标，基于粗糙集理论将风险评估矩阵模型转换成粗糙域矩阵模型；再次，根据求解的粗糙域矩阵，运用多元质量损失函数模型，对每一个失效模式的潜在损失进行求解，依据潜在损失的大小对失效模式风险进行排序。最后，以发动机装配过程为例，对其失效模式与影响进行分析，并将其分析结果与目前的FMEA方法比较，验证了所提出方法的合理性和有效性。