农地流转对农户收入影响研究--对政府主导与农户主导型农地流转的比较分析

摘要

The purpose of this paper is to study the effect differences between farmland transfer controlled by government (FTCG) and farmland transfer controlled by farmers(FTCF) on household income. This study employs DID model and comparative analysis. The results show that: 1) compared to FTCG, FTCF can improve farmers’ labor allocation efficiency. Average non-agricultural income of farmers is 1266 yuan more than the one of FTCG. 2) land allocation efficiency is different depends on the type of farmers and land transfer. For nonagricultural farmers, famers of FTCG have significantly 387.74 yuan more than those of FTCF. But for agricultural farmers, famers of FTCF have higher land resources rewards. 3)For all the farmers, farmers from FTCF have higher efficiency of labor allocation. The paper concludes that: 1) farmers from FTCG have higher land allocation efficiency, so farmland transfer through official platform should be encouraged to improve land transfer rent. But farmers with different labor endowments should be considered and respected. 2) farmers from FTCG have lower labor allocation efficiency mainly because farmers` surplus labor cannot migrant successfully after land transfer; so local governments should take various kinds of methods to improve farmers’ nonagricultural opportunity.%研究目的：对比分析政府主导和农户主导型农地流转对农户收入影响差异，衡量不同类型农地流转对农户土地和劳动力资源配置效应。研究方法：DID模型，比较分析方法。研究结果：与政府主导下的土地流转相比，农户主导型土地流转更能提高农户劳动力资源配置效率，转出户的人均非农业收入比政府主导下高出1266元。而土地资源配置效应因农户类型和流转类型不同而有所差异。对于土地流转前以非农业为主的农户，政府主导下土地转出户人均土地资源报酬显著高于农户主导型土地转出户387.74元，但是对以农业生产为主的农户，政府主导下农户转出土地面积过大，人均土地资源报酬低于农户主导型土地转出户。研究结论：（1）应当尊重农户土地流转意愿，使得土地流转符合农户资源配置收益最大化目标；（2）鼓励农户通过政府建立的平台进行土地流转，显化土地租金价值；（3）针对不同类型农户采取多元化的土地流转和劳动力扶持政策，增加农户收入，促进土地流转。