疫苗流通和预防接种条例、规范、办法的改进探讨

摘要

This article is aimed to discuss improvement ideas of the circulation of vaccines and the regulations, the stan-dard and the method of vaccination, and to more make them conform to the interests of the citizen, to more possess the sci-entificity and the operability, to more enhance the citizen’s confidence of the vaccination. In the aspect of social order, this article attempts to implement the means of transparent management of vaccines, the methods of the bidding procurement of the social participation, the method to strengthen the supervision and management of the second vaccines (profit and non-profit),the measures of prohibition renting the hosting department of public health institution, companies and individuals en-croach on collective interests, to make the citizen enjoy the dividend of the reform and open policy, the ways to elaborate the admittance qualifications of the vaccine wholesale enterprises and make sure the capacity of normal operation , the steps of the enterprise positive competition of the price and quality ,inventing and introducing the advanced production process of vaccines. In the aspect of technical operation, this article explores to establish the cold chain public service system which ensure the storage and the transport of vaccines, and the supervision and management of the cold chain system , and de-tailed technical operation procedures. In the aspect of the social security, in order to implement the fairness and justice, this article applies for the country to amend the article 11 of “vaccination appraisal measures abnormal reaction”, and formu-lates “The measures of inoculation against suspected adverse reactions and accident rescue”.%此次研究主要探讨了疫苗流通和预防接种条例、规范、办法的改进思路，使其更具有科学性和可操作性，更符合人民群众的利益，更能够增强人民群众的预防接种信心。在社会秩序方面，提出疫苗透明管理的思路；招标采购社会参与的方法；加强营利性与非营利性二类疫苗监督与控制的措施；禁止出租托管公共卫生机构科室，防止公益变公司利益和个人利益，保证人民群众享受公共服务产品的举措；细化规定疫苗批发企业的准入资格，确保经营担当能力的要领；以及调动企业积极研发、引进领先的疫苗生产工艺，实现企业价格和质量有序竞争的办法。在技术操作规程方面，研究了如何更为有效建立冷链公共服务系统，使疫苗储存运输有保障；探索了加强对冷链系统接口环节的监督和管理的新思路，以及细化技术操作规程的新办法。在社会保障方面，为体现公平与公正，建议国家修改《预防接种异常反应鉴定办法》第十一条，并提议制定《疑似预防接种异常反应与事故救助办法》。