2011-2015年崂山区高血压患者生活方式及危险因素分析

摘要

Objective To provide scientific basis for preventing local hypertension by analyzing the style of life and disease risk factors of patients with hypertension in Laoshan District in Qingdao from 2011 to 2015. Methods The urban and rural residents in Laoshan District in Qingdao from 2011 to 2015 were given stratified and random sampling, the questionnaires were issued to 1500 people selected, and the basic condition, style of life and family medical history were known, and the physical and biochemical indicator examinations were carried out, and the incidence rate of hypertension and relevant risk factors were counted and analyzed. Results (1) Hypertension occurred to 973 cases and the incidence rate was about 64.87%, including 417 male cases (62.71%) and 556 female cases (66.59%), and the difference had no statistical signifi-cance, P>0.05, meanwhile, the higher the age, the higher the incidence rate, and the difference in the incidence rate of hy-pertension between different age groups was obvious, P﹤0.05, the mean SBP/DBP in the three age groups of ﹤ 60, 60-70 and >70 were respectively 142/84 mmHg, 146/84 mmHg and 150/83 mmHg, the incidence rate of ISH in male and female was closely related to age, the higher the age, the higher the incidence rate, P﹤0.05, and ISH occurred to 336 cases, and the incidence rate was about 34.53%. (2) The age increasing, family hypertension history, obesity/overweight, diabetes and dys-lipidemia were the relevant risk factors of hypertension in Laoshan District in Qingdao, and the economic income was its protection factor. Conclusion The morbidity rate of hypertension in Laoshan District in Qingdao is higher, especially the se-nile patients, and it is affected by multiple factors such as the life of style, and we need to adopt the comprehensive preven-tion and cure measures and reduce the morbidity rate of hypertension.%目的：分析2011—2015青岛市崂山区高血压患者的生活方式和患病的相关危险因素，为预防当地高血压提供科学依据。方法对2011—2015青岛市崂山区的城乡居民进行分层和随机抽样，选取1500人发放调查问卷，了解其基本情况、生活方式和家族病史，并开展体格和生化指标检查，对其高血压的患病情况和相关危险因素进行统计分析。结果①有973例患有高血压，患病率约为64.87%，其中男性417例（62.71%)，女性556例（66.59%)，差异不存在统计学意义（P>0.05)。同时，年龄越高，患病率越高，不同年龄段的高血压患病率差异有统计学意义（P﹤0.05)。②在﹤60、60~70和>70岁3个年龄组中，平均 SBP/DBP 分别为142/84mmHg、146/84mmHg 和150/83mmHg，男性和女性的ISH 发生率均和年龄密切相关，年龄越大，发生率越高（P﹤0.05)。在高血压中，共336例 ISH，其发生率约为34.53%。③年龄增长、高血压家族史、肥胖/超重、糖尿病和血脂异常是青岛市崂山区高血压患病的相关危险因素，经济收入则是其保护因素。结论青岛市崂山区的高血压发病率较高，尤其是老年患者，而且会受到生活方式等多种因素的影响，需要采取综合性的防治措施，降低高血压的患病率。