不同工艺参数对UF工业大麻秆刨花板性能的影响研究

摘要

工业大麻秆是一种优质的轻质非木质原料,利用脲醛树脂为胶黏剂可以制备出性能优良的刨花板产品.笔者主要分析不同的工艺参数,包括密度、热压时间、热压温度和施胶量对板材性能的影响.研究结果表明,密度和施胶量对板材性能的影响要比热压温度和热压时间明显,随着板材密度、热压温度和热压时间的增加,板材的力学性能大多先增加后减小；而随着施胶量的增加,板材的力学性能呈增加趋势.在目标密度0.55 g/cm3,施胶量10％,热压温度130℃或170℃条件下,板材的力学性能可达到国标普通刨花板的标准要求；当目标密度等于或高于0.65 g/cm3、施胶量等于或高于12％、热压温度在140～ 160℃、热压时间在20 ～ 45s/mm之间时,除TS外,板材的其他力学性能可达到国标室内装饰和家具用材的标准要求,并可与相同工艺条件下,目标密度为0.75 g/cm3的木质刨花板的各项性能相媲美.可见,工业大麻秆是一种优质的非木质原料,利用该原料在低温条件下制备低密度的刨花板是可行的.%The industrial hemp stalk is one kind of low-density non-wood materials and it can be used to make excellent hemp stalk based particleboard with urea formaldehyde (UF) resin.This paper mainly studies the influence of different parameters (different densities,press time,press temperature and UF-resin additive) on the properties of the particleboard.The results show that the density and UF-resin additive have greater influences on the properties of hemp stalk based particleboard comparing with the press time and press temperature,and with the increasing of density,press time and press temperature,the mechanical properties of the panel firstly increase and then decrease in most cases,while the properties improve as the resin additive increases.The mechanical properties of the particleboard of 0.55g/cm3 with 10％ UF-resin at 130℃ or 170℃ can satisfy the requirements of China Standard for common particleboard.When the density is larger than or equal to 0.65g/cm3,the resin additive is more than or equal to 12％,press temperature is between 140℃ and 160℃,and the press time is between 20s/mm and 45s/mm,the mechanical properties of the particleboard can meet the requirements of China Standard for interior decoration and furniture-using material.In summary,the industrial hemp stalk is one kind of excellent non-wood materials and it is feasible to make the low-density particleboard at low press temperature with UF resin.