稻秸沼渣矿化特征及对青菜生长和品质的影响

摘要

It is necessary to find a reasonable and effective way to deal with large amounts of biogas residue during biogas production of rice straw. However, the nutrient release following the biogas residue application and vegetable utilization remain ambiguous. In order to determine how biogas residue of rice straw inputs affect soil carbon and nitrogen turnover and consequently vegetable yield and quality, so this study was conducted. The results of incubation experiment showed that soil carbon mineralization, nitrogen immobilization of soil microorganisms and microbial biomass carbon were significantly enhanced by the addition of biogas residue of rice straw. The biogas residue of rice straw released nitrogen more slowly than the commercial organic fertilizer. The results of pot experiment showed that, compared to commercial organic fertilizer, vegetable production was decreased slightly and content of soluble sugar and vitamin C of Chinese cabbage were increased significantly and nitrate content was decreased by biogas residue of rice straw application. Therefore, biogas residue of rice straw application was benefit for vegetable production.%以稻秸沼渣和商品有机肥为原料,采用室内培养和盆栽实验方法,研究了稻秸沼渣中碳、氮等养分释放特性以及对蔬菜产量和品质的影响.结果表明,稻秸沼渣施入土壤后可明显提高土壤有机碳矿化速率和微生物生物量碳,秸秆发酵半年的沼渣的矿化特性优于发酵一年的秸秆沼渣.秸秆沼渣有机氮的矿化特性主要表现为氮的固定,秸秆厌氧发酵越充分,沼渣矿化时有机氮越不容易被固定.相比商品有机肥,添加稻秸沼渣青菜的产量略低,但显著提高了青菜中维生素C和水溶性糖含量,降低了硝酸盐含量,提高了青菜品质.因此,秸秆沼渣农肥化对提高蔬菜产量和品质有很好的效果.