温带季节性分层水库浮游植物功能类群的时空演替

摘要

To explore phytoplankton community structure and seasonal variations in a temperate seasonally stratified reservoir in North China, water samples were collected twice a month from different depths of Zhoucun Reservoir, Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province, from July 2014 to June 2015. The phytoplankton community was divided into functional groups following the method described by Reynolds and Padisák. Hydrological and water quality patterns were considered to reveal the driving forces for the selection of phytoplankton functional groups. The results suggested that a total of 112 species of phytoplankton, belonging to seven families and 63 genera, were detected and could be sorted into nineteen functional groups. Phytoplankton dynamics in Zhoucun reservoir exhibited remarkable seasonal variations: The S1functional group (Lyngbyasp.and Spirulinasp.) was dominant during thermal stratification in summer and autumn; while C+D functional groups (Cyclotella meneghiniana and Synedrasp.) were dominant during the mixing period (winter) under conditions of low temperature and light level. The distribution of phytoplankton functional group showed unobvious difference in vertical. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that thermal stratification, precipitation and water temperature had a major influence on phytoplankton succession in Zhoucun Reservoir.%为探究我国北方温带季节性分层水库浮游植物群落结构的时空演替特性,于2014年7月~2015年6月对山东枣庄市水源水库周村水库进行每月2次的分层采样分析,采用Renolyds和Padisák等提出的功能类群划分方法对水库浮游植物群落进行分类,并结合水库水文、水质,分析优势功能类群时空演替规律及其主要环境影响因子.结果表明:周村水库共检出浮游植物112种,隶属于7门63属,可划分为18个功能群类.周村水库浮游植物功能类群演替具有明显的季节性分布特性:其中夏秋季热分层期主要以鞘丝藻(Lyngbya sp.)、螺旋藻属(Spirulina sp.)等丝状蓝藻为代表的S1功能类群占优势,而冬季混合期以梅尼小环藻(Cyclotella meneghiniana)、针杆藻(Synedrasp.)等能适应低温、弱光的C+D功能类群为优势群落;浮游植物功能类群分布在垂向上并无较大差异.冗余分析(RDA)显示:热分层、降雨量和水温是影响浮游植物功能类群时空演替的主要环境因子.