基于化肥削减潜力及碳减排的小麦生产效率

摘要

基于2004～2015年中国小麦主产省份的小麦生产投入产出数据,分析了中国小麦生产的化肥削减及碳减排潜力,并利用SBM模型和ML指数分别测算了小麦生产的环境效率和环境全要素生产率.结果显示:科学施肥条件下,主产省份小麦生产的化肥削减及碳减排潜力分别为51.66％、37.41％;化肥削减及碳减排条件下,小麦生产环境效率未降低,2004～2015年间平均的小麦生产环境效率为0.970,北方地区的小麦生产环境效率要低于南方地区,小麦生产的MLEFFCH指数、MLTECH指数、ML指数超过了l,大于化肥未削减、全碳排放条件下的MLEFFCH指数、MLTECH指数、ML指数,化肥削减及碳减排利于实际生产向最大产出迫近,以达到生产的帕累托最优状态.%Based on input-output data of wheat in main wheat-producing provinces of China from 2004 to 2015,the potential of chemical fertilizer reduction and carbon emission reduction in wheat production in China was analyzed and the environmental efficiency and environment of wheat production were estimated using SBM model and ML index respectively in this paper.The results showed that:under the condition of scientific fertilization,the potential of reducing chemical fertilizers and reducing carbon emissions from wheat production in major producing provinces were 51.66％ and 37.41％ respectively.Under the conditions of fertilizer reduction and carbon emission reduction,the efficiency of wheat production environment was not reduced,the average efficiency of wheat production environment was 0.970 from 2004 to 2015,and the efficiency of wheat production environment in the north was lower than that in the south;the MLEFFCH index,MLTECH Index,the ML index of wheat production exceeded l,which was larger than that of the chemical fertilizers.Fertilizer reduction and carbon reduction should benefit the actual production approaching to the maximum production output,in order to achieve the optimal Pareto production.