我国有着极其丰富的秸秆资源，每年仅玉米秸秆产量就达2．65亿t左右，但利用率非常低，大部分被直接还田或者焚烧，在造成巨大的资源浪费的同时还引起了特别严重的空气污染问题，直接威胁到人们的健康。长期以来，我国规模化奶牛场在粗饲料种类的选择上存在严重的误区，认为只有采用像苜蓿这样的进口优质粗饲料才能获得理想的生产性能和最佳的经济效益，忽视了对玉米秸秆资源的开发利用。实际上只要妥善解决玉米秸秆机械化收割等一系列产中及产后问题，并通过化学、物理或微生物方法对玉米秸秆进行加工处理，这部分廉价资源就可以成为后备牛、干奶牛及泌乳中后期奶牛良好的粗饲料来源。本文在总结大量相关研究成果的基础上，阐述了合理利用玉米秸秆资源的重要意义，综述了影响玉米秸秆饲用价值的因素及提高其饲用价值的处理方法，并针对各种处理方法的利弊展开分析。%China is rich in straw resources. The annual production of corn stover IS more than 200 mlllon tons, out the utilization ratio of them is very low. There has been an obvious misunderstanding of the large-scale dairy farms in the selecting of roughage for a long time. Many operators and experts think that dairy farms can achieve the best productivity and economic benefits only when the dairy cows are fed with the high-quality roughage such as alfalfa imported from abroad, but neglecting the exploiting of the vast corn stover resources. In fact, these low-cost resources can be qualified roughage of the heifers, dry dairy cows, mid-late lactation cows when they were treated by some chemical, physical or biological methods. Based on referring to abundant internal and external documents, the importance of rationally utilizing cron stover resources is discussed, factors affecting the feeding value of corn stover and the ways to improve the feeding value of them are reviewed in this paper.
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