用60Coγ射线辐照干种子诱变培育西瓜染色体易位系,并用其进行选配少籽杂交子1代研究,对克服三倍体无籽西瓜种子发芽率低、成苗率低、制种成本高、育苗技术较复杂的缺陷具有重要的意义;易位系杂交子1代西瓜保持了二倍体杂交1代的优良特性,减少了单瓜籽粒数,提高了果实可溶性固形物含量,从而提高了西瓜品质和商品价值.详细介绍了诱变选育西瓜易位系的步骤和技术、易位系的特征特性和优良的西瓜染色体易位杂交1代组合,并针对选育的科丰黑美人、红牡丹等易位系杂交1代分析阐述了染色体易位系杂交一代的优点和应用前景.%The hybrids of watermelon chromosome translocation lines induced by 60Coγ radiation can produce fruit with few seed. This is a favorable option over the triploid seedless watermelon with the challenges of low germination, poor seedling establishment,high cost of seed production,and high technical requirement of transplant production. The F1 hybrid of chromosome translocation lines,in addition to the benefits of regular diploids hybrids,produce fruits with significantly reduced number of seed but increased soluble solid contents,therefore better fruit quality and commercial value. We here describe the procedure and techniques of chromosome translocation induction and selection. We use the examples of Kefeng Heimeiren and Hong Mudan to illustrate the benefits and application of hybrid watermelon with chromosome translocation.
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