美国褐牛杂交改良新疆褐牛效果的研究

摘要

Objective]To study hybrid improvement effect of Xinjiang brown cattle via US brown cat-tle.[Method]A total of 30 Xingjiang brown and purebred cows were chosen from Yili breeding farm as control group,as well as a total of 30 cattle from the US-Xingjiang-F1 generation was selected as the ex-perimental group.At the same time,tracking measurements of growth performance,body weight,body comparison analysis,body measurements index,build body weight,body growth curve,weight and body measurements relative growth curve analysis of two groups were analyzed from zero to 36 months.[Re-sult]The results showed that cattle from the US-Xingjiang-F1 generation significantly showed better growth traits during the 18 ~ 36 months old when compared with the control group,such as body height, body length,chest circumference and body mass index (P < 0.01);During the period of 6 -36 months, cattle from US-Xingjiang-F1 generation showed fast growth trend and senior other traits;During the period of 0 - 12 months,the growth speed was faster for two analyzed populations,but decreased after 12 months.[Conclusion]Strength of the two groups of cows in the early growth is significantly higher than that of late,weight gain rate and the intensity has been higher than other traits;Moreover,the US-Xingjiang-F1 generation of cow 6 ~ 24 months showed better body measurements index involving in growth traits.%[目的]旨在为研究美国褐牛对新疆褐牛杂交改良的效果。[方法]选取伊犁新褐种牛场纯种新疆褐牛母牛30头作为对照组、美新 F1代母牛30头作为试验组,跟踪测定两组0~36月生长发育性能指标,进行体重、体尺对比分析,计算体尺指数,构建体重、体尺生长曲线,分析体重、体尺相对增长曲线。[结果]表明：美新 F1代母牛在18~36月龄体高、体长、胸围和体重等指标极显著高于新疆褐牛母牛(P <0.01)；新疆褐牛、美新 F1代母牛6~36月龄体重体尺整体呈现快速增长趋势,且美新 F1代母牛各项指标总体上均高于新疆褐牛母牛；新疆褐牛、美新 F1代母牛在12月龄之前体重、体尺增加速度均较快,12月龄之后增加速度均减慢。[结论]表明两组牛早期生长强度明显高于后期,体重的增加速度和强度一直高于体尺,且美新 F1代母牛6~24月龄体尺指标相对增长值要高于新疆褐牛母牛。