天蚕素和合生素对AA肉鸡小肠黏膜形态和小肠免疫细胞的影响

摘要

为研究日粮中添加天蚕素、合生素对AA肉鸡小肠黏膜形态及免疫细胞的影响,试验选用480只1日龄健康AA肉鸡,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复30只鸡.对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂基础日粮,试验组(Ⅱ～Ⅳ组)分别在基础日粮中添加0.5％天蚕素、0.3％合生素、0.5％天蚕素+0.3％合生素.试验期42 d.结果显示,与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅳ组十二指肠、回肠绒毛高度极显著升高(P＜0.01);Ⅱ组空肠和回肠、Ⅲ组小肠各段隐窝深度显著或极显著降低(P＜0.05;P＜0.01);Ⅱ、Ⅲ组小肠各段和Ⅳ组十二指肠、回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著或极显著升高(P＜0.05;P＜0.01);Ⅱ组空肠绒毛宽度显著降低(P＜0.05),Ⅲ组十二指肠和空肠、Ⅳ组空肠和回肠绒毛宽度均极显著降低(P＜0.01);Ⅱ、Ⅲ组空肠黏膜厚度显著升高(P＜0.05),Ⅳ组小肠各段黏膜厚度均极显著升高(P＜0.01).Ⅱ组回肠上皮内淋巴细胞数量显著升高(P＜0.05),Ⅲ组十二指肠、Ⅳ组小肠各段上皮内淋巴细胞数量极显著升高(P＜0.01);Ⅲ组十二指肠、Ⅳ组十二指肠和回肠杯状细胞数量极显著升高(P＜0.01);Ⅳ组空肠肥大细胞数量显著升高(P＜0.05).综上所述,天蚕素、合生素单独或联合添加均能改善AA肉鸡小肠黏膜结构,促进小肠黏膜免疫细胞增殖,联合添加效果最佳.%In order to investigate the effects of cecropin and synbiotics on the intestinal mucosal morphology and intestinal mucosal immune cells of AA broilers.480 of 1-day-old healthy AA broilers were chosen and randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 30 broilers per replicate.The broilers in group Ⅰ (control group) were fed basal diet,while that in groups Ⅱ to Ⅳ were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.5 ％ cecropin,0.3 ％ synbiotics,0.5 ％ cecropin+0.3％ synbiotics,respectively.The trial lasted for 42 days.The result showed that compared with group Ⅰ,the villus height of duodenum and ileum in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly increased (P＜0.01).The crypt depth of jejunum and ileum in group Ⅱ,and that of small intestine in group Ⅲ were significantly or extremely significantly decreased (P＜0.05;P＜0.01).The villus height/crypt depth of small intestine in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ,and that of duodenum and ileum in group Ⅳ were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P＜0.05;P＜0.01).The villus width of jejunum in group Ⅱ was significantly decreased (P＜0.05),while the villus width of duodenum and jejunum in group Ⅲ,that of jejunum and ileum in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly decreased (P＜0.01).The mucous thickness of jejunum in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly increased (P＜0.05),while that of small intestine in group Ⅳ was extremely significantly increased (P＜0.01).The number of the intraepithelial lymphocyte of ileum in group Ⅱ[was significantly increased (P＜0.05),and that of duodenum in group Ⅲ and small intestine in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly increased (P＜0.01).The number of the goblet cell of duodenum in group Ⅲ,duodenum and ileum in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly increased (P＜0.01).The mast cell of jejunum in group Ⅳ was significantly increased (P＜0.05).In conclusion,both the cecropin and synbiotics could improve the small intestine mucosal structure and promote the small intestine mucosal immunocompetent cells proliferation in AA broiler,and the effect of combined utilization would be better.