酸催化水解生物质产乙酰丙酸的现状分析

摘要

从原料来源、制备步骤和反应器、催化作用机理3个方面分析了酸催化水解生物质产乙酰丙酸的研究现状,尤其在作用机理方面,首先分析了从纤维素制糖类再制5-羟甲基糠醛,5-羟甲基糠醛制乙酰丙酸,葡萄糖直接制乙酰丙酸的机理,以及稀盐酸和稀硫酸环境中微晶纤维素制乙酰丙酸的动力学；然后深入分析了典型生物质在稀酸中的降解动力学及机理,为学者开展生物质产乙酰丙酸的研究提供信息,有利于学者进行选择性研究。%This paper discussed the research status of acid catalyzed hydrolysis of biomass to levulinic acid ( LA ) with three aspects i. e. sources of raw materials, processes and reactors, and catalytic mechanism. Especially in the field of catalytic mechanism, it gradually analyzed the mechanism of LA production from cellulose to sugars, sugars to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), and 5-HMF to LA, and the mechanism of LA production directly from glucose, as well as the demonstration of the kinetics of LA production from microcrystalline cellulose under dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute sulfuric acid environments, followed by the kinetics and mechanism analysis of degradation of typical biomass in the dilute acid. This paper aims to provide sufficient information for relative scholars to carry out researches on LA production from biomass, and help scholars to conduct selective research.