以松香为原料、盐酸为催化剂、95%乙醇为重结晶溶剂进行超声波强化松香树脂酸异构化反应研究.通过正交优化实验考察了反应温度、反应时间、超声波频率、搅拌转速、盐酸用量对枞酸单离收率和纯度的影响,确定最佳异构化反应条件为: 超声频率47.2 kHz,反应温度55℃,盐酸用量0.06 mL盐酸·(g松香)~( -1) ,反应时间40 min,搅拌转速300 r·min~(-1),枞酸单离收率为31.76%,纯度为97.32%.采用气相色谱仪和圆盘旋光仪对枞酸产品进行了分析鉴定,实验值与文献值吻合.%Isomerization reaction of rosin acids was studied in combination with ultrasonic wave, during which, rosin was used as raw materials, HC1 as catalyst and ethanol as solvent. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, ultrasound frequency, agitating velocity and HC1 amount on the yield and purity of abietic acid were investigated by orthogonal experiment. The optimal conditions of isomerization had been obtained as follows; ultrasound frequency was 47.2 kHz, reaction temperature was 55℃ , HC1 a-mount was 0.06 mL HCl·( g~(-1) rosin) , reaction time was 40 min,agitating velocity was 300 r · min~(-1). The yield of abietic acid was 31.76% , and the purity was 97.32%. The products were analyzed and identified with gas chromatography and disc polarimeter, the experimental values were in good agreement with the values of literatures.
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