Texaco煤气化炉堵渣问题探讨

摘要

Texaco coal gasification furnace is the core facility of gasification unit, and the primary principle of operation and control is to ensure slagging smoothly of gasification furnace.The mechanism of coal water slurry gasification of Texaco is presented, and the effect of slag block of Texaco coal gasification furnace on the gasification operation is discussed.The influence factors on the slag block of furnace are analyzed including slag viscosity-temperature characteristics, operation temperature of gasifier, burner of furnace and chilling ring of furnace.The methods for estimating slag block of Texaco coal gasification furnace are expounded, including differential pressure of slag notch judgment, gas composition judgment, and other assist judgments such as analyzing furnace temperature by lock temperature amplitude, slagging amount and content of carbon residue.On the basis of practical operation experience of a certain Texaco coal gasification unit, some preventive measures are proposed to prevent slag block of gasifier, that is controlling raw coal quality, controlling proper operation temperature, strengthening operation management of burner, and lengthening the working life of chilling ring.The emergency processing for slag block is presented combined with practice situation.%Texaco煤气化炉是气化装置的核心设备,其操作控制的首要原则就是保证气化炉的顺畅排渣.分析了Texaco水煤浆气化的反应机理,探讨了Texaco煤气化炉堵渣对气化工艺运行的影响,从熔渣黏温特性、气化炉操作温度、气化炉工艺烧嘴、气化炉激冷环等方面对气化炉堵渣问题的影响因素进行了分析,介绍了对Texaco煤气化炉堵渣问题进行判断的方法,主要包括渣口压差判断法,气体成分组成判断法,以及从锁斗温度振幅、排渣量、煤气化粗渣的残碳含量分析炉温等其他辅助判断法.根据某Texaco煤气化装置的实际运行经验,提出了控制原料煤质、控制适宜的操作温度、加强工艺烧嘴的运行管理、延长激冷环的使用寿命等预防措施,对气化炉堵渣进行预防,并结合实际情况介绍了Texaco煤气化炉堵渣后的应急处理方法.