介绍了煤制气废水的产生、水质特点,其治理难题表现在:水质复杂、难降解有机物含量高和毒性大.从煤制气废水治理技术的物化预处理、生物处理和深度处理三方面综述了国内外有关煤制气废水处理技术的研究现状、发展趋势及工程应用情况,并着重分析各处理技术的优缺点和在应用中存在的问题,即蒸氨和脱酚工艺的优化、发挥厌氧工艺的作用、废水生物脱氮过程的抑制、高级氧化和膜分离技术的应用.展望了煤制气废水处理技术的未来研究方向,指出物化和生物处理技术的优化组合是煤制气废水处理技术的必然发展趋势,为解决煤制气产业发展的废水治理瓶颈提供借鉴和参考.%The production, characteristics and difficulties of coal gasification wastewater were introduced in this paper. Gasification wastewater normally has complex composition, high concentrations of recalcitrant compounds and high toxicity. The research status, development trends and engineering applications were reviewed from three aspects, including physico-chemical pretreatment, biological treatment and advanced treatment. The advantages and disadvantages of various technologies as well as their application problems were analyzed based on the following aspects: the optimization of ammonia stripping and phenols removal process, the role of anaerobic process, the inhibition of biological nitrogen removal process and the application of advanced oxidation and membrane separation technologies. Research perspective of treatment technologies of coal gasification wastewater was discussed to point out that the optimal combination of physico-chemical and biological treatment technology can be an inevitable development trend of coal gasification wastewater treatment technologies, and can provide the reference to the bottleneck of wastewater treatment in the development of the coal gasification industries.
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