阳极开孔形状对金属锰电沉积行为的影响及数值模拟

摘要

In the process of manganese electrowinning,the structure of anode directly affects the energy consumption and the distribution of electric field in the electrolytic cell.By means of experiment and simulation,the morphology,current efficiency,and electric field distribution of cathode manganese and anode slime were analyzed,and the effects of anode with different opening shapes on the process of electrowinning manganese were investigated.Three-dimensional modeling and numerical simulation of the electrolytic cell were developed,and the simulation results were verified by the on-line measurement of cathodic over-potential.The experimental results show that,under the premise of the same porosity and electrolysis condition,the anode plate with circle openings had better performance than the plate with square or rectangular openings.The anode plate with circle openings could obtain maximum current efficiency of 74.54％,and per-unit energy consumption can be reduced to 5506kW·h/t,while the surface of metal manganese is more smooth and compact.The simulation results show good agreement with experimental results.With the anode plate of circle openings,the electric field distribution in the electrolytic cell is uniform and reasonable,and the minimum value of-l.5989V is obtained in the horizontal and vertical direction of the cathode plate.%电沉积锰过程中阳极的结构直接影响电解槽内电场分布以及电沉积过程能耗.采用实验与数值模拟相结合的手段,分析阴极金属锰和阳极泥的微观形貌、电流效率以及电解槽内电场分布,研究阳极板开孔形状对电沉积锰过程的影响规律.对电解槽进行了三维建模与数值模拟,并通过在线测定阴极过电位实验对模拟结果进行了验证.实验结果表明:在相同开孔面积的条件下,圆孔比方孔和整块矩形孔的电解性能要好.圆孔阳极板在电解过程中阴极过电位的值最小为-1.609V,获得的最大电流效率74.54％,最低单位能耗降5506kW·h/t,而且金属锰表面更加平整致密.模拟结果表明:模拟结果和实验结果具有良好的一致性,圆孔阳极板在电解过程中电解槽内电场分布均匀、合理,在阴极板水平与垂直方向上均获得最小过电位值-1.5989V.