典型垃圾材料的热分解动力学

摘要

对垃圾材料的热分解动力学研究目的在于研究垃圾材料的热解特性,文中对典型垃圾材料聚氯乙烯(PVC)和纸进行热分解动力学研究.用综合热分析仪分别测试PVC及纸在升温速率为10,15,20,30 K/min时的TG-DSC曲线,获取PVC和纸在最大质量损失速率时的温度Tmax及其他动力学参数.然后用Kissinger法和Flynn-Wall-Ozawa法处理实验数据并且计算得出PVC和纸在最大质量损失速率温度Tmax时的活化能和指前因子.计算结果为:采用Kissinger最大质量损失速率法求得PVC的活化能E=35.98 kJ/mol,指前因子A=8.7×105；纸的活化能E=55.15 kJ/mol,指前因子A=9.5×107.用Flynn-Wall-Ozawa法求得PVC的活化能E=38.029 kJ/mol;纸的活化能E= 40.426 kJ/mol.结果表明:垃圾的成分复杂,影响其热分解的因素较多,采用单一的动力学研究方法难以得到满意的实际应用结果.%The purpose of the experiment about thermal decomposition kinetics is to study the pyrolysis characteristics of waste materials. The thermal decomposition kinetics of typical waste materials of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and paper was studied by means of TG and DSC at different heating rates of 10, 15, 20, 30 K/min. Maximum temperature Tmax and other kinetic parameters of PVC and paper at maximum mass loss rate were obtained. Based on Kissinger's method, the activation energies and exponential factors of PVC and paper were calculated as E = 35.98 kJ/mol and A = 8.7 × 105, E =55.15 kJ/mol and A =9.5 × 107 respectively. And based on Flynn-Wall-Ozawa's method, the activation energies of PVC and paper were calculated as ￡ = 38.029 kj/mol and E =40.426 kj/mol respectively. The calculated results together with the complexity of the components of waste and other influence factors lead inescapably to the conclusion that it is difficult to get a good agreement with the actual application result by single dynamics research method.