氟硅酸法制无水氟化氢铵新工艺

摘要

氟硅酸是湿法生产磷肥的副产品。以氟硅酸为原料，反应生成无水氟化氢铵。通过单因素实验得出反应的最佳工艺条件：n（氟硅酸）∶n（氨水）＝1．0∶6．0，采用质量分数为20％的氨水；氨解反应后的氟化铵溶液经氢氟酸酸化、浓缩、结晶制得无水氟化氢铵产品。在此条件下制备的无水氟化氢铵产品质量分数达到98％，符合优等品行业标准要求。新工艺具有良好的经济效益和环保效益，且生产成本低廉。%As a by-product in the production of phosphate fertilizer,fluosilicic acid reacts with ammonia to produce anhydrous hydrogen fluoride ammonium.The optimum process conditions of reaction through the single-factor experiment were as follows:the mole ratio of fluosilicic acid to ammonia water was 1.0∶6.0,with the mass fraction 20% of ammonia as the material.Anhydrous hydrogen fluoride ammonium was obtained through hydrofluoric acid acidification concentration and crystallization to ammonium fluoride solution which was got after the ammonolysis reaction.Under these conditions,the generated ammonium hydrogen fluoride has a mass fraction of 98%, conforming to the industry standard requirements.The new technology has not only the good economic and environmental benefits,but also the low production cost.