益生菌对生长猪日粮营养物质表观消化率及粪便菌群的影响

摘要

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of probiotics preparation on growth performance,nutrient apparentdigestibility and faecal microflora of growing pigs.Eight crossbred(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshine)growing pigs with an average weight of(30 ± 3)kg were randomly divided into 2 groups(group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ)with 4 pigs in each group.The group Ⅰ(control group)was fed basal diet,and group Ⅱ(probiotics group)was fed with experimental diet supplemented with 0.1% probiotics.The test lasted for 42 days.The results showed as follows:There was no significant difference in average daily gain,average daily feed intake and feed weight ratio between group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ(P>0.05).The average daily gain of group Ⅱ showed an increasing trend than that of group Ⅰ,and the feed to gain ratio of group Ⅱ was 0.12 lower than that of group Ⅰ.The apparent digestibility of crude protein in group Ⅱ was 3.78 percentage points higher than that in group Ⅰ(P < 0.01).The ap-parent digestibility of nitrogen-free-extract(NFE)was higher in group Ⅱ than group Ⅰ by 0.71 percentage points(P<0.05). The amount of Lactobacillus in group Ⅱ was significantlyhigher than that in group Ⅰ(P < 0.01).The quantity of Escherichia coli in group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ(P < 0.01).Lactobacillus/Escherichiacoli in group Ⅱ was signifi-cantly higher than that in group Ⅰ(P<0.05).Therefore,adding 0.1% Lactobacillus and Bacillus subtilis compound in the growing pig diet can improve the apparentdigestibility of crude protein,crude fiber,energy and NFE in the diet,improve the im-munity of the body and reduce the number of Escherichia coli in the feces of the rectum.%试验选用胎次相近,平均体重为(30 ± 3)kg的生长肥育猪(杜×长×大)8头,随机分为两组(试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组),每组4头.试验Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮(对照组),试验Ⅱ组饲喂添加0.1% 益生菌的试验日粮(试验组).试验期42 d.结果表明,试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组平均日增重、平均日采食量及料重比差异不显著(P>0.05).试验Ⅱ组平均日增重较试验Ⅰ组有增加趋势,试验Ⅱ组料重比较试验Ⅰ组低0.12.粗蛋白质的表观消化率,试验Ⅱ组较试验Ⅰ组高3.78个百分点(P<0.01);试验Ⅱ组粗纤维表观消化率较试验Ⅰ组高5.96个百分点(P<0.01),试验Ⅱ组能量表观消化率较试验Ⅰ组高2.21个百分点(P<0.01).无氮浸出物,试验Ⅱ组较试验Ⅰ组高0.71个百分点(P<0.05).乳酸杆菌,试验Ⅱ组极显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.01);大肠杆菌,试验Ⅰ组极显著高于试验组Ⅱ(P<0.01).乳酸杆菌/大肠杆菌,试验Ⅱ组显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05).因此,在生长猪日粮中添加0.1% 乳酸杆菌和枯草芽胞杆菌复合物能够提高日粮中粗蛋白质、粗纤维、能量及无氮浸出物的表观消化率,提高机体免疫力,降低直肠粪便中大肠杆菌数量.