Heart Failure Issues and Management:A European Perspective

摘要

Heart failure poses an increasing problem for global health care systems.The epidemiological data which have been accrued over the last 30 years have predominantly been accumulated from experience within North America and Europe.The European experience in heart failure,although similar to that in North America,has recently demonstrated differences in hospitalization which may underlie the differences between health care system confi gurations.Despite the predicted increase in the number of patients affected by heart failure,over the last 30 years a clear management algorithm has evolved for the use of pharmacotherapies,device-based therapies,and mechanical therapies,including left ventricular assist devices and cardiac transplantation.Although the treatment of such patients has been clearly delineated in national and international guidelines,the underuse of all available and appropriate therapies remains a signifi cant problem.The purpose of this review is to provide a European perspective on management of heart failure.