构建我国城乡一体化医疗保障体系的对策建议

摘要

现阶段,我国城乡基本上形成了以政府为主导的医疗保障制度,但这种医疗保障制度仍然是按照城乡二元化分开运行的,所以,城乡之间依然存在较大差距,发展很不平衡。根据国外经验和当前我国经济社会发展现状,我国应将农村医疗保障体系设计成三个组成部分：即整个体系的主体是与各地农村经济发展状况相适应,与城镇职工、居民基本医疗保险接轨的＂多元化＂农村基本医疗保险;同时,发展面向更高医疗保障需求的补充性医疗保障制度;健全面向特困户、五保户以及残疾人口的医疗救助。这三个部分各自面向不同的群体和需求,可以灵活运作、各为所需,又能互为补充,可弥补目前新农合的功能缺陷。%In the current stage,the medical insurance system dominated by government has formed in urban and rural areas of China basically.This system,however,is separate with dual operation.Hence,the bigger differences still exist between urban and rural areas.According to foreign experience and domestic economic and social development,China should divide rural medical security system into three parts which serve different groups and needs： the system subject-plural basic rural medical insurance fit for local rural economic development and in line with basic medical security system on urban workers and residents;complementary medical security system for more medical need;and medical aid for seriously poor families,five-guarantee households,and disabled population.The three parts can flexibly compensate for the shortcomings of current new rural medical security system separately.