北向单侧采光办公房间的非视觉效应研究

摘要

In recent years,a lot of attentions have been paid to the health risk of non-visual effect in building lighting environment.However,only visual effect is considered in conventional daylighting design,and the non-visual effect of exited building daylighting design level remains unclear.In order to solve those problems,this paper conducted a daylighting environment measurement of a north-oriented unilateral daylighting office room,which reaches the level Ⅲ in GB 50033-2013 Standard for Daylighting Design of Buildings.Then the non-visual effect of the office room was evaluated,and it was proven that there may be non-visual risk in overcast day.In addition,the melatonin suppression percent of Ⅰ ～ Ⅴ unilateral daylighting design levels in the standard GB 50033-2013 were also evaluated,e.g.100％,100％,71％ ～ 100％,38％ ～60％,and 5％ ～ 16％,which demonstrated that the exposure dose of non-visual effect is enough in level Ⅰ or Ⅱ,at critical state in level Ⅲ,and extremely low in level Ⅳ or Ⅴ.%近年来,学者们逐渐开始关注建筑采光环境中非视觉效应所引起的健康风险.然而,目前采光设计时仅考虑视觉作业,对既有建筑采光环境的非视觉效应缺乏了解.为解决该问题,本文选择满足GB 50033-2013《建筑采光设计标准》Ⅲ设计等级的北向单侧天然采光办公房间进行实测,利用平视采光外窗的人眼处垂直照度与褪黑素抑制百分比的剂量效应关系评价该办公房间的非视觉效应,结果表明在阴天条件下,该房间褪黑素抑制水平处于临界状态,即距窗较远的进深区域部分时段褪黑素抑制百分比难以达到100％.此外,还对采光设计标准中单侧采光房间Ⅰ～Ⅴ设计等级的非视觉效应进行了评价,各等级的褪黑素抑制百分比分别为100％、100％、71％ ～ 100％、38％ ～60％、5％ ～ 16％,这表明Ⅰ与Ⅱ设计等级可充分满足的褪黑素抑制需求、Ⅲ设计等级则处于临界状态、而Ⅳ与Ⅴ设计等级的褪黑素抑制水平较低.