湿热地区墙体湿迁移对空调负荷影响研究

摘要

目前空调湿负荷计算只考虑人员设备散湿和新风,但对于我国长期处于高温高湿状态的湿热地区,不能忽略墙体湿传递的影响.本文通过WUFI-PLUS软件对琼海地区某建筑进行模拟,对比分析了考虑与不考虑墙体湿迁移对该地区建筑室内热湿环境及空调负荷的影响.结果表明:墙体考虑传湿与否最终表征在墙体内表面温湿度和墙体导热系数上.全天空调工况下,墙体导热系数的增量起到主导作用,考虑传湿的显热负荷高于不考虑传湿时.白天空调、夜间自然通风工况下,墙体表面吸放湿起到主导作用,考虑传湿时的显热负荷低于不考虑传湿时,而潜热负荷则高于不考虑传湿时.对于白天空调、夜间自然通风的建筑室内环境,由于墙体吸放湿伴随着吸放热作用,考虑传湿比不考虑传湿时的夜间室内温度升高0.5℃,相对湿度降低了5％.本研究可为湿热地区建筑确定空调设备容量提供一定依据,避免空调系统不能满足负荷需要的问题.%At present,only the moisture transfer of personnel equipment and fresh air are considered during the calculation of air-conditioning moisture load,but for the hot and humid region under long-term humid tropical condition,the effect on the moisture transmission of wall can never be ignored.In this paper,a building model in Qionghai region was simulated with the WUFI-PLUS software.In addition,the influence on indoor thermal humid environment and air-conditioning load were analyzed and compared with those without taking moisture transfer into account.The results show that whether or not to take moisture transfer into account is reflected on the temperature and humidity of wall inner surface and the thermal conductivity coefficient of wall.With air conditioning working all the time,the sensible load taking moisture transfer into account is higher because the increment of wall thermal conductivity coefficient plays a leading role.As for air-conditioning running during the day and natural ventilation during the night,the sensible load is lower than that without considering moisture transfer due to the leading role of moisture absorption and desorption on inner surface,and the latent load is the opposite.Regard of the indoor environment,indoor temperature was risen about 0.5 ℃ compared with that not considering moisture transfer,but the indoor relative humidity was reduced by 5％ as a result of moisture absorption and desorption always with thermal absorbing and releasing.This study can provide the foundation for determining the capacity of air-conditioning in hot and humid regions and avoid the problem that air-conditioning system can't meet the needs of the load.