基于EfI法的桥梁模态测试中传感器优化布置

摘要

To determine the optimal locations of sensors for testing of long span rigid truss and flexible arch steel bridge, the finite element model for the whole bridge of the bridge was built by the software ANSYS and the dynamic properties of the model werc analyzed. By the criteria of the modal vector matrix and the effective independence (EfT) method, the tool box for the optimal placement of three-dimensional acceleration sensors was developed in the MATLAB environment and the tool box was applied to the optimal sensor placement for the bridge. At the same time, the modal testing for the model of the bridge structure was made to verify the rationality of the optimal sensor placement . The results of study indicate that the selected locations of the sensors can well fit vibrations modes of the bridge and the tool box for the optimal sensor placement based on the EfI method proves to be effective for the sensor placement for long span rigid truss and flexible arch steel bridge.%为确定大跨刚性桁架柔性拱桥传感器的最优布置位置,采用ANSYS软件建立全桥有限元模型,分析其动力性能,以模态向量矩阵和有效独立法为准则,在MATLAB环境下开发了三维加速度传感器优化布置工具箱,用于刚性桁架柔性拱桥的传感器优化布置,同时,对桥梁结构模型进行模态试验验证传感器布置方案的合理性.研究结果表明,所选传感器位置能够较好地拟合出桥梁振型,基于EfI的传感器优化布置工具箱对大跨刚性桁架柔性拱桥传感器布置是行之有效的.