复杂环境下方形烟囱倒塌过程的计算机模拟

摘要

随着人类的发展社会的进步,越来越多的城镇工业企业废弃建筑物需要通过控制爆破的方法尽快拆除,而对于这些废弃建筑物的爆破拆除,只有科学合理的爆破设计方案才能保证建筑物按指定方向倒塌及保护周围人与建筑物的安全.为了达到目的决定使用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件对某锅炉厂院内方形烟囱爆破拆除过程进行倒塌模拟.方形烟囱采用SOLIDI64单元MAT_PLASTIC_DAMAGE材料建立了以红色方砖为主的整体式有限元模型,用MAT_ADD_EROSION关键字控制爆破缺口的形成和材料的失效,爆破缺口形成过程由“时间”开关控制.模拟了方形烟囱的爆破拆除倒塌过程、倒塌触地后与周围建筑物的距离及倒塌过程中的整体应力分布等,并与实际爆破效果做了比较,证明计算机模拟是合理可行的,对具体实际工程具有一定的指导意义和帮助作用.%More and more abandoned buildings in cities need demolishing by controlled blasting nowadays.It' s important to put forward reasonable blasting design to demolish these abandoned buildings and to keep the blasting surroundings safe.The ANSYS/LS-DYNA software was used to simulate the process of explosive demolition of square chimney in a boiler factory floor.The model of square chimney was set up with MAT_PLASTIC_DAMAGE material of SOLID 164 unit.The keyword MAT_ADD_EROSION was applied to control the formation of blast cut and the failure of materials,and the formation process of blast cut was controlled by the "time" switching.The stress distribution during the collapsed process was obtained by simulation,which was verified to be reasonable and feasible by contrast with the practical blasting effect.