基于物元模型的露天爆破效果评价

摘要

The Matter-element model was used to evaluate the open blasting effect so as to considering the min-ing cost and surrounding environmental safety. The rock-mass crush quality,technical and economic benefits and im-paction on surroundings were taken into consideration as the evaluation factors. Then the open-pit blasting evaluation model was built to make a brief evaluation on open-pit blasting quality. Some factors were applied for a certain blas-ting effect evaluation,including boulder yield,coefficient of volumetric expansion,blasting muck pile form,blasting output per meter hole,backlash,blasting costs,specific charge,and blast hole utilizing factor,base rate,blasting vi-bration,blasting fly-rocks,blasting shock wave,poisonous gas,misfire and noise. A clear evaluation result was given based on those indexes. Result from the matter-element model fits the field blasting well.%为了综合考虑采矿生产成本及周围环境安全等因素，有必要对露天爆破效果做出评价。以物元理论为基础，选取矿岩破碎质量、技术经济效益和对环境产生的影响三个方面，建立露天爆破效果评价模型。确定了大块率、松散系数、爆堆形态、延米爆破量、后冲、爆破成本、炸药单耗、炮孔利用率、跟底率、爆破振动、爆破飞石、爆破冲击波、有毒气体、盲炮、噪声等指标及对实际爆破工程收集的数据进行分析，对某一爆破实例的爆破效果进行评价，得出该爆破效果，并对照该矿山实际爆破效果，结果表明：建立物元模型方法对评价露天爆破效果是有效的。