利用分子标记技术改良粳稻不育系的柱头外露率

摘要

It is the most effective way to improve the yield of seed production of Japonica hybrid rice by enhancing the percentage of exerted stigma in its CMS lines. In this research,QTLs(qPES3,qPES9,qPES12),regulating the percentage of exerted stigma in indica rice,were transmitted into CMS lines of Japonica hybrid rice through crossing and backcrossing,aiming at selecting the CMS lines of Japonica hybrid rice with high percentage of exerted stigma by pedigree breeding and molecular detection technique,i.e.,exploring the feasibility of improving the percentage of exerted stigma in CMS lines of Japonica hybrid rice by molecular marker technique. The research results showed that Jialong17A and Jialong43A,two CMS lines developed in this study,carried bothqPES3andqPES12. The phenotypic values of percentage of exerted stigma and outcrossing rate indicated that QTLs expressed in Japonica rice,but displaying difference in various genetic background. Conclusively,molecular marker-assisted selection(MAS)is an efficient method to improve the percentage of exerted stigma in CMS lines of Japonica hybrid rice.%提高粳稻不育系的柱头外露率是提高杂交粳稻制种产量最有效途径。通过杂交、回交等常规手段将籼稻中控制柱头外露率的QTLs（qPES3、qPES9及qPES12）导入粳稻，通过系谱选育和分子检测技术试图选育高柱头外露率粳稻不育系，旨在探索利用分子标记技术改良粳稻不育系柱头外露率的可行性。研究结果表明，试验中获得的2个粳稻不育系为携带qPES3+qPES12的双聚体，其柱头外露率及异交结实率表型值显示：调控籼稻高柱头外露率QTLs能够在粳稻背景中表达，但存在基因型差异；分子标记辅助选择技术是改良粳稻不育系柱头外露率的有效手段。