几种常用轴承材料的热弹流润滑性能分析

摘要

基于角接触球轴承几何和数学模型，采用多重网格法、多重网格积分法及逐列扫描法给出4种常用轴承材料（GCr15，9Cr18，Si3 N4，ZrO2）点接触热弹性流体动力润滑的完全数值解，对比分析了4种材料的膜厚、接触应力及温度分布。结果表明，Si3 N4的二次接触应力峰值较小，整体膜厚值较大，润滑效果最好，但散热较差，相同工况下其产生的热量较多；载荷不大时 GCr15具有比其他3种材料更好的润滑性能；当载荷和转速均较大时，Si3 N4表现出稳定且良好的润滑性能。%On the basis of geometric and mathematical model of angular contact ball bearings,a full numerical solution for point contact thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication (TEHL)of four commonly used bearing materials (GCr15, 9Cr18,Si3 N4 ,ZrO2 )is given by using multi -grid method,multi -grid integration method and sequential column sweeping method.The lubricant film thickness,pressure and temperature distribution on four materials are compara-tively analyzed.The result shows that the secondary peak pressure of Si3 N4 is lower,the whole film thickness is thicker, the lubrication effect is the best,but the quantity of heat is produced more at the same working condition because of the bad thermal diffusivity;The GCr15 has a better lubrication performance in contrast with the other three materials under the light load condition;The Si3 N4 shows a stable and good lubrication performance when the load and the rotating speed are larger.