基于正面碰撞安全性的增程式纯电动汽车车身轻量化研究

摘要

With an extended-range electric vehicle ( E-RHV) as study object and on the premise of ensuring frontal crash safety, a lightweight design on vehicle body and its key panels is conducted with optimization objective function defined. The sensibility of the first-order mode of vehicle to the thickness of main panels is analyzed, and based on which the body panels having more influence on the first-order mode are selected to carry out lightweight de-sign with a finite element analysis model for vehicle frontal crash established. By comparing the bending and torsion modes of body-in-white before and after lightweight design, the frontal crash safety performance of E-RHV after light-weight design is predicted. The results of real vehicle crash test verify the good frontal crash safety of E-RHV after lightweight design, with a lightweight coefficient in a middle level among the same category of vehicles.%以增程式纯电动汽车为研究对象,在保证其正面碰撞安全性的前提下,对其车身与关键零部件进行轻量化设计,设定了优化目标函数. 对整车一阶模态对主要零部件厚度的敏感性进行分析,选取对于一阶模态影响较大的车身零部件进行轻量化设计,并建立车辆正面碰撞有限元仿真模型. 通过对比轻量化设计前后白车身的弯曲模态和扭转模态,预测轻量化设计后的增程式纯电动汽车的正面碰撞安全性能. 经实车碰撞试验,验证了轻量化设计后的增程式纯电动汽车具有良好的正面碰撞安全性,轻量化水平在同类车型中处于中等水平.