低碳经济下风火互济系统日前发电计划模式分析

摘要

Wind power is one of the most competitive low-carbon energy resources,and is an important element in promoting low-carbon economy.With the output characteristics of wind power generators and its low-carbon emission in mind,the coordination between wind power generators and conventional thermal power generators is analyzed.CO2 price signal is introduced and the integrated optimization model is constructed for wind-thermal power systems.Five day-ahead dispatch modes are proposed,which are different from each other in terms of the principle of wind power utilization,day-ahead schedule objective,and ways of wind power participation into day-ahead scheduling.They are compared in a typical wind-thermal power system,with designated system performance indices.Impact of different CO2 prices and wind power penetration levels are also analyzed.Simulation results show that wind power priority dispatch with a certain amount of curtailment improves the system performance significantly compared with dispatch that discourages wind power curtailment;Day-ahead dispatch that optimizes both system economy and environmental benefits is better than the conventional mode that is aimed at system economy only;At proper CO2 prices,equal participation of wind power with conventional generators is the best way of optimization in achieving both system economy and environmental benefits.%风电是最具竞争力的低碳能源之一,是推动低碳经济发展的重要力量。考虑风电机组出力特点,关注风电低碳效益的发挥,研究了风电机组与火电机组协调运行的问题。通过引入CO2价格指标,建立了风火互济系统运行的综合最优模型。从风能利用原则、日前发电计划优化目标、风电参与日前调度的方式3个方面提出了含风电的5种典型日前发电计划模型。在典型风火互济系统中对各模式进行了比较,并深入讨论了CO2价格、不同风电接入水平对模型的影响。结果表明,优先调度风电但允许少量弃风将显著提高中国风火互济系统整体效益,该模式优于全额接纳风电的模式;通过引入CO2价格机制,以经济和环保并重的计划模式优于传统的以发电经济性为目标的模式;当CO2价格达到一定水平,风电机组与常规机组平等参与日前发电计划可实现真正意义上的系统运行经济性与环保性的综合最优。