计及负荷特性的配电网多时间尺度电压控制及协调修正

摘要

针对第三方光伏电源大量并入配电网的市场背景,提出了一种计及负荷特性及光伏无功成本的配电网电压协调控制方法.该方法分为日前优化和实时优化两个阶段.日前优化以网损及有载调压变压器和并联电容器组动作成本最优为目标,优化产生未来24 h有载调压变压器分接头和并联电容器组动作方案;日内优化中建立了光伏电源无功输出成本模型,以网损和光伏无功成本最优为目标,通过优化光伏无功输出消除预测误差产生的影响,并增加了对日前优化的校正环节.同时,为了能在工业负荷和商业负荷占比较高的地区达到更好的优化效果,在无功优化中考虑了负荷静态电压特性,建立了考虑负荷特性的潮流计算模型,改善了优化效果.通过实例仿真表明,所提出的协调控制方法能够很好地消除预测误差对实时运行的影响,平抑电压波动,减少控制成本.%A voltage coordinated control method for distribution networks considering load characteristics and photovoltaic (PV) reactive power cost is proposed in the market environment where huge amounts of PV power of the third party is connected to the distribution network.The method includes the day-ahead optimization and the day-here optimization.For the day-ahead optimization,the objective function is optimizing the loss and cost of the on-load tap changer (OLTC) and the shunt capacitor,moreover,optimizing the OLTC tap and shunt capacitors action plan in the next 24 h.For the day-here optimization,a cost model of PV reactive output is developed.The objective is optimizing the optimal loss and the PV reactive power cost.The influence of the prediction error will be eliminated by adjusting the PV reactive power output.And the correction of day-ahead optimization is added.Furthermore,in order to achieve a better effect in the areas with more industrial and commercial loads,the load static voltage characteristics are taken into consideration in the reactive output optimization.In addition,a power flow calculation model in consideration of load characteristics is developed to improve the optimization performance.The results of actual simulation show that the coordinated control method can better eliminate the influence of prediction error,while stabilizing the voltage fluctuation and reducing the cost of control.