重水研究堆退役废物再利用研究

摘要

实现废物再利用是废物最小化的重要措施之一，从废物流中将有潜在利用价值的物料分离出来实现再利用可大幅减少对环境的影响。本文以中国原子能科学研究院重水研究堆退役为实例研究了放射性废物再利用问题。通过全面分析和计算重水研究堆在退役期间产生的各类废物，得出具有一定数量的物料有潜在的利用价值，可直接或经适当处理后再利用在其他行业领域中。研究表明，通过采取废物最小化控制措施（如废物分类和废物流分离等），采用适当的去污技术和执行清洁解控要求，至少可使重水研究堆退役过程中产生的几十吨钢铁、10 t铝材和5 t重水实现再利用。%The recycle of valuable materials from potential waste streams is one of important elements of waste minimization ,and it can minimize the environment impact . The recycle of the arising was researched with taking the decommissioning of heavy water research reactor (HWRR) in China Institute of Atomic Energy as an example .By analyzing all the possible wastes that could generate during the decommissioning of HWRR ,some amount of materials have potential values to recycle and may be used either directly or after appropriate treatment for other purposes .The research results show that in HWRR decommissioning at least tons of irons ,10 tons of aluminum and 5 tons of heavy water can be recycled by carrying out the waste minimization control measures (eg .waste classification and waste stream segregation) ,adopting appropriate decontamination technologies ,and performing the requirements of clearance .