有机磷阻燃剂的环境暴露与动物毒性效应

摘要

In recent years,organophosphorus flame retardants(OPFRs)have gradually taken the place of polybro-minated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and consequently human beings and other creatures are exposed to them more easily.Some researches indicated that a part of OPFRs are carcinogenic,and therefore,more attention has been paid to the toxicity of OPFRs.Firstly,this review briefly surveys the environmental exposure level of OPFRs and sum-marizes toxicological effects of OPFRs from in vitro to in vivo.There have been found that the total concentration of OPFRs is relative low in air, soil and water from many areas; and only a high dose exposure would cause a measure of damage to different animals;it has almost no adverse effects at the low concentrations although they are being far greater than the environmental levels.Finally,the future research focus on toxicological effects of OPFRs is prospected.%有机磷阻燃剂(OPFRs)逐渐替代了危害较大的多溴联苯醚(PBDEs),因此使得人类及其他生物更易暴露于这种有机物中.有研究表明,部分有机磷酸酯具有致癌性,因而使人们对其毒性的问题也日益关注.本文概述了有机磷阻燃剂的环境暴露水平,总结了近年来从体外与体内实验2个方面动物毒性效应的研究.目前研究发现诸多地区的大气、土壤和水体中的有机磷阻燃剂总含量水平相对较低;仅高浓度暴露才会对不同动物体造成一定程度的损伤,而远大于环境浓度的低浓度暴露几乎无损伤效应.最后,对有机磷阻燃剂毒性效应的未来研究重点进行了展望.