西藏传统民居建筑冬季热环境测试与分析

摘要

Tibet Autonomous Region is one of the important minority border area of China.It has positive significance to study the constructed wisdom of indoor thermal environment of traditional Tibetan vernacular dwelings for improving the local living standard and controling heating energyconsumption. The basic survey and the thermal environment measurement show that traditional Tibetan vernacular dwelings used the passive design method spontaneously. However, the indoor thermal environment stil needs to be improved. By the local measurement and survey, the constructed wisdom and disadvantage of indoor thermal environment of traditional Tibetan vernacular dwelings were analyzed. the analyzed items includes orientation, basic unit of building, layout and materials.%西藏自治区是我国重要的民族边境地区，研究当地传统民居的热环境营造智慧对于提高当地民众的居住环境及控制当地居住建筑采暖能耗具有积极意义。冬季现场调研与热环境测试表明现有藏式民居靠经验自发采用被动式太阳能设计，但其冬季室内热环境仍然较差。通过现场测试与问卷分析了传统藏式民居在朝向、空间单元、平面布局及建筑材料方面的营造智慧，总结了既有藏式民居在热环境方面存在的不足。