全浸没螺旋桨吸气机理及水动力性能数值模拟

摘要

In order to study the interaction between propeller and free surface, in this paper, based on the Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes method, the ventilation phenomenon of the fully submerged propeller is numerically simulated using the sliding mesh (SM) method and the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The interaction between the propeller and the free surface and the influence of ventilation on the hydrodynamic performance of the propeller were analyzed in detail. The results show that the thrust and torque of the propeller are affected by the submergence ratios and the advance coefficient, resulting in thrust loss and torque loss; the suction of the propeller will cause irregular and transient deformation of the free surface, which makes the performance of the propeller extremely complex. At the same time, due to the influence of the free surface, the pressure distribution of the propeller blade will exhibit a significant asymmetry, horizontal lateral force and vertical force other than thrust will be generated.%为研究螺旋桨与自由液面的相互作用关系,基于RANS方法,采用滑移网格(SM)方法及流体体积函数(VOF)方法对全浸没螺旋桨的吸气现象进行数值模拟,详细分析了螺旋桨与自由液面的相互作用关系及吸气对螺旋桨的水动力性能的影响.结果表明,螺旋桨的推力、转矩等会受到浸没深度及进速系数的影响,产生推力损失及转矩损失;螺旋桨的吸气会引起自由液面的变形,这种不规则的、瞬时的变形情况使得螺旋桨的性能变得极其复杂;同时,由于自由液面的影响,桨叶的压力分布会呈现明显的不对称性,会产生除推力之外的水平侧向力及垂向力.