目的：了解牛奶加鸡蛋营养干预一年后学生体格发育和营养状况的变化情况，探索适合农村小学生营养改善的模式。方法研究现场为广西田阳县贫困农村，选取554名1～5年级小学生作为干预组，每名学生于在校日补充200g牛奶和1枚鸡蛋进行营养干预，另选428名学生作为对照组，不采取干预措施。比较分析两组学生1年后的体格形态指标变化和营养状况。结果干预组男生体重增长（3.5±1.8）kg高于对照组（2.9±1.5）kg，8岁组女生体重增长（3.6±1.6）kg高于对照组（2.7±1.2）kg，差异均有统计学意义（P值均小于0.01）。不管是男生或女生，干预组与对照组的身高增长差异无统计学意义。干预组男生的营养不良率从基线的29.6%降至干预后的22.0%，而女生的营养不良率变化不明显。结论通过给学生补充卤蛋和牛奶，可使学生的体格发育及营养状况都得到改善和提高，该措施值得在贫困农村地区推广。%Objective To understand the physical growth and nutritional status changes of students after nutritional intervention with milk and egg,and explore appropriate mode for nutrition improvement in rural primary students. Methods The study was carried out in the primary schools from impoverished rural area of Tianyang County in Guangxi Province. Five hundred fifty four students of grade 1 to 5 were selected as intervention group and 428 students of the same grade as the control group. Each student in the intervention group was supplied with 200 g of milk and one egg in each school day. After one year of intervention, the physical development and nutritional status of two groups were compared and analyzed. Results The weight gain of male students in the intervention group was higher than that of the control group (3.5±1.8 kg vs 2.9±1.5 kg, P<0.01). In female students, only the weight gain of 8-year-old student in the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group (3.6±1.6 kg vs 2.7±1.2kg, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in height growth between two groups. After one year intervention, the rate of malnutrition rate in male students of the intervention group decreased significantly from baseline 29.6% to 22.0% , while the malnutrition rate in female students didn’t change significantly. Conclusion By supplying egg and milk for the students, the physical growth and nutritional status had been improved and enhanced, so this measure should be considered in nutrition improvement in poor rural areas.
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