破乳剂应用在三元复合驱驱替的研究现状

摘要

以破乳剂在三元复合驱中的应用为线索,按照破乳剂的类别不同,对三元复合驱用破乳剂:反相破乳剂、化学破乳剂、生物破乳剂、其他新型破乳剂进行了综述,对三元复合驱的驱油效果的影响进行了比较与评价,总结了不同种类破乳剂在三元复合驱中的应用进展.通过对不同破乳剂破乳性能的研究发现:①反相破乳剂的性能较好但适用范围小;②化学破乳剂能聚集油滴、增强破乳效果、提高采收率但破乳剂容易对油层产生伤害,使用时受到三元复合驱环境的限制;③生物破乳剂对油层的污染小,成本低,但不易发现生物破乳菌株;④其他种类的破乳剂存在需要混合使用的问题.%The application of the demulsifiers in the ASP(alkaline-surfactant-polymer flooding)is the clue of this paper.According to the different types of the demulsifiers,the reverse demulsifier,chemical demulsifter,biological demulsifier and other advanced demulsifiers were reviewed.The effect of oil displacement for ASP were compared and evaluated,and the application progress of different demulsifiers were summarized.Through the study of different demulsifier performance were found that:①the reverse demulsifier performance is better but the small scope of application;②chemical demulsifier can gather oil droplets,enhance the demulsification effect,improve oil recovery but it is easy to make reservoir damaged,and it' s effect of displacement will be effected by the environment of the ASP;③biological demulsifier has less pollution to oil reservoir,and low cost,but it is not easy to find microbial demulsifying strain;④other kinds of demulsifiers have problems that need to be used with the other demulsifiers.