无线通信中的轨道角动量天线综述

摘要

随着无线通信技术的飞速发展,射频频谱资源已日趋香农极限.轨道角动量(Orbital Angular Momentum,OAM)理论上能提供无限多个正交信道,有效提高频谱利用率.介绍了OAM的基本原理;综述了目前典型的OAM天线种类及其具体实现形式,着重分析其在增益、方向图、接收和解复用等方面的优缺点;最后梳理了目前各种天线存在的共性问题,展望了下一步OAM在无线通信领域可能的应用方向.%With the rapid development of wireless communication technology,spectrum resource in radio frequency is reaching Shannon Limit.Orbital angular momentum(OAM) can theoretically provide infinite orthogonal channels and use spectrum resources effectively.Basic theory of OAM is briefly introduced at the beginning of this paper,then typical forms and specific realization of OAM antennae are concluded,in which their merits and drawbacks in gain,radiation pattern,receiving and demultiplexing are focused on.Finally,common problems of present OAM antennae are summarized,and prospect of their appliance in wireless communication in near future is made.