阜阳市2009～2011年麻疹监测与消除麻疹效果分析

摘要

目的 分析阜阳市2009～2011年麻疹监测结果与消除麻疹干预效果,为如期消除麻疹提供理论依据.方法 采用描述流行病学方法对麻疹监测数据进行统计分析.结果 2009～2011年麻疹监测系统报告疑似麻疹1 447例,实验室诊断为麻疹394例,临床诊断399例,≥15岁及﹤18个月龄儿童发病较高,分别占25.3%和28.6%.18个月龄内儿童发病率逐年增高;8个月龄以上人群未免疫接种和免疫史不详者占57.7%,应免疫2剂次无确切全程免疫史的占85%以上.结论 阜阳市消除麻疹干预措施效果显著,通过麻疹疫苗强化、查漏补种等,麻疹发病率逐年下降,2011年达历史最低水平;≥8个月龄人群麻疹疫苗漏种或不全程接种是麻疹发病的主要因素;﹤8个月龄和﹥15岁人群属免疫空白和薄弱人群,推行育龄妇女和15岁以上麻疹疫苗强化免疫工作值得探讨.%Objective To understand the epidemic feature of measles and the effect of measles elimination in Fuyang from 2009 to 2011 so as to provide scientific evidence for measles elimination. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the epidemiology of measles from 2009 to 2011 based on the data collected from Measles Surveillance System. Results A total of 1 447 suspected cases ( 394 cases in laboratory diagnosis ; 399 cases in clinical diagnosis ) were reported in Fuyang from 2009 to 2011. There was obvious age difference in the onset of measles. The total amount of measles cases centered on the population with 15 years older and children less than 18 months, which accounted for 25. 3% and 28. 6% respectively. The incidence of measles for children with age between 0 to 18 months increased year by year. Conclusion The intervention measures for measles elimination are proved to be effective in Fuyang. The incidence in 2011 is the lowest for recent years. Omitting vaccination is the major factor in the occurrence of measles. It is worth study for measles vaccine strengthening immunization among women at childbearing age and the population of 15 years older.