In this paper different investigation methods were used to investigate the distribution of Oncomelanta hupensts in the 5 vegetation regions including the poplar forests, meadows and reeds along the Yangtze River marshlands of Anqing City. The morphological parameters and positive rates of the samples of Oncomelania hupensis were studied, and their correlation with the control measures were analyzed. The results showed： 1. There was no distribution of Oncomelania hupensis in 20- year-old and 10-year-old poplar forests. The distribution densities of Oncomelania hupensis in 3-year-old young poplar forests, river meadows and reeds were 4/0.11m2, 5/0.11m2 and 7/ 0.11m2 respectively. 2. The samples of Oncomelania hupertsis taken from 3-year-old young poplar forests, river meadows and reeds were tested negative without infection by schistosoma. 3. Planting schistosomasis-prevention forests along river marshlands is one of the mo,~t effective ways to change the breeding environment of Oncomelania hupensis and artificially control its population density.%运用不同调查方法对安庆沿江滩地杨树林地、江滩草地、芦苇丛等5个植被类型区的钉螺分布状况进行调查，研究了钉螺样本的形态指标和阳性率，以及对其与已采取的灭螺措施之间的相互关系进行了分析，结果表明：（1）成熟杨树林地、中龄杨树林地均无钉螺分布；杨树幼林地、江滩草地、芦苇丛螺口密度分别为4只／0．11m2、5只／0．11m2、7只／0．11m2。（2）杨树幼林地、江滩草地、芦苇丛所获钉螺样本的阴阳性检测，没有被血吸虫感染，均为阴性。（3）江滩营造抑螺防病林是改变钉螺孳生环境及人工控制钉螺种群密度的有效途径之一。
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