通过多点田间施用氮磷钾肥对比试验，研究分析了在芜湖县主要水稻土属田块进行配方施肥和常规施肥对水稻产量以及肥料利用率的影响。结果表明，与常规施肥相比，配方施肥可提高有效穗数等水稻经济性状指标，进而显著提高了水稻产量（平均增产14.9kg/667m2、增幅达2.5%）。同时配方施肥提高了水稻对当季肥料氮、磷、钾的利用率，尤其是氮磷元素利用率达显著水平，分别提高了1.89和1.88个百分点；进而显著提高了农民的经济效益（纯收入增幅为4.6%）。由此可见，配方施肥为水稻科学施肥提供了依据，为农业增产、农民增收奠定了基础。%In this paper,through multiple field of N P K comparison test,the effect of formulated fertilizer and conventional fertilizer on rice yield and fertilizer use efficiency were analyzed in the main paddy soil of Wuhu county.The results showed that:compared with the conventional fertilization,formulated fertilization could improve indicators of economic traits in rice such as number of effective panicles,1000-grain weight,and then significant-ly increased rice yield(increased by 14.9kg/667m2,an increase of 2.5%). At the same time it could improve sea-sonal utilization rate of fertilizer of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium of rice,especially nitrogen and phosphorus utili-zation rate reached significant level,respectively 1.89 and 1.88 percentage points;further improving the economic benefit of farmers(net income increase of 4.6%). The results could provide the basis for scientific fertilization of rice,and guarantee for farmers to increase production
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