无标记基因抗虫水稻外源基因向常规栽培水稻漂移研究

摘要

[目的]该试验旨在研究外源基因向非转基因常规栽培稻漂移频率，评竹无标记基因抗虫水稻对农业生态环境的潜在风险。[方法]该试验以抗虫转基因水稻华恢1号为研究对象，将几种非转基因常规栽培水稻种植在其周围按不同距离收集F1代非转基因水稻种子.采用PCR技术对符点收集的水稻种子进行转基因杂种鉴定，统计评分析抗虫转基因水稻中外源基因向非转基因常规栽培水稻漂移的频率。[结果]外源Bt基因向PI3381和春江063水稻平均漂移频率皆为0。而抗虫转基因水稻华恢1号与非转基因水稻合系22—2、天香、明恢63和P1157几个品种不同程度地发生了转基因漂移，平均漂移频率最高为0．875％，并且漂移频率随着距离加大而逐渐降低，而作7m以外的所有采样点平均转基因漂移频率为0。【结论】该研究表明抗虫水稻华恢1号外源基因的基闲漂移频率非常低．其对生态环境的在风险很小，通过田间合理佰局进行物理隔离，保持合适距离．以及科学安排农时，错开花期等方式，能有效控制转基因水稻外源基因漂移和降低因转基因逃逸带来生态风险。%[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the frequency of exogenous gene flow to non-transgenic conventional rice cultivars and assess the potential risks of marker-free of insect-resistant transgenic rice to agricultural ecological environment. [Method] Insect-resistant transgenic rice variety HUAHUI No.1 was planted as the experimental material and surrounded by several non-transgenic conventional rice cultivars. F1 non-transgenic rice seeds were collected according to different distances and identified by using PCR technology, the frequency of exogenous gene flow from insect-resistant transgenic rice to non-transgenic conventional rice cultivars was counted and analyzed. [Result] The average frequency of exogenous Bt gene flow to P13381 and CHUNJIANG063 was 0. Transgene flow occurred to varying degrees from insect-resistant transgenic rice HUAHUI No.1 to several non-transgenic rice lines including HEX122-2, TIANXlANG, MINGHUI63 and Pl157, with the maximum average gene flow frequency of 0.875%. The frequency of gene flow was gradually reduced with the increase of distance, and the average transgene flow frequency de- creased to 0 in all the sampling points 7 m away from transgenic rice material. [Conclusion] This study revealed that the exogenous gene flow frequency of insect-re- sistant transgenic rice variety HUAHUI No.1 was very low, leading to very small risk to the eco-environment. Rational distribution in the field for physical isolation, keeping the appropriate distance and scientific farming arrangement to avoid the synchronization of flowering can effectively control the exogenous gene flow from transgenic rice and reduce he ecological risks caused by transgene escape.