论特色农业的气象服务工作——以葫芦河流域西芹产业带为例

摘要

[Objective] The aim was to analyze and conclude highlights of meteorological services for agriculture with the case of celery industry belts in regions of Hulu River.[Method] In the research,a regression equation of celery growth and meteorological factors was established,and meteorological indices of celery in growth period,meteorological disaster indices and highlights of meteorological service for farmers were analyzed in terms of meteorology based on observation of biomass,growth period,and information in national basic stations and automatic stations in regions of Hulu River.[Result] The sowing period and germination period of celery were more significantly influenced by lower temperature of spring in northern area,compared with southem area,hence,celery plants in northern area should be sown later.The suitable germination stage differed about ten days in the four regions from south to north from middle April to middle May.In common climate,the regions in south of Xiao River are not suitable to grow celery under influence of higher temperature at 26 ℃.Hence,celery industry belts should be moved to the north along Hulu River.During growth period of outer leaf,however,celery were less influenced by hail.[Conclusion] The research lays foundation for meteorological service for agriculture.%[目的]以葫芦河流域西芹产业带为例,分析总结气象为农服务工作的要点.[方法]根据西吉国家基本站与葫芦河流域3个区域自动站资料,结合西芹生物量和发育期观测,建立西芹生长和气象要素回归方程,分析总结了西芹生长期气象指标、西芹气象灾害指标及气象服务工作要点.[结果]春季低温对西芹播种期、出苗期的影响北部大于南部,要求偏北区域适当晚播.从南往北4个地区西芹适宜出苗期从4月中旬～5月中旬依次相差10 d左右；正常气候条件下,受26℃以上高温影响,硝河以南7月中旬后不适宜西芹生长,要求葫芦河流域西芹产业带重心向北倾斜；西芹外叶生长期出现的冰雹对产量影响不大.[结论]该研究结果为利用气象服务于农业奠定了基础.