国外引进烤烟品种在黑龙江的适应性研究

摘要

The aim was to select the new flue-cured tobacco varieties suitable for Heilongjiang flue-cured tobacco areas. [Method] A comparative trail of six new flue-cured tobacco varieties, which were introduced from America and Brazil, including PVH2248, PVH2291, PVH2310, PVH2269, NC196, and PVH2254, were identified, using NC89 as control. [Result] PVH2310 had good botanical char-acters and agronomic traits; the time from transplanting to budding was 56.00 d, and from budding to center flower blooming was 64.33 d, and the growth period in field is 119.00 d; TMV and PVY did not occur in the year of these two diseases occurring widely; its yield was 3 536.55 kg/hm2; its output value was 44 792.25 CNY/hm2; its average price was 12.68 CNY/kg; its proportion of the superior tobac-co was 19.61%; its appearance quality of raw tobacco was good and equal to NC89 in control group; its tobacco leaf's main chemical components content was suitable and internal chemical components were coordinated. [Conclusion] PVH2310 and PVH2269 both performed excellently in terms of comprehensive characteristics, which should be further demonstrated in Heilongjiang flue-cured tobacco areas.%[目的]为筛选适合黑龙江烟区的烤烟新品种。[方法]以 NC89为对照，对新引进的 PVH2248、PVH2291、PVH2310、PVH2269、NC196、PVH2254等6个美国和巴西烤烟新品种进行比较鉴定。[结果]PVH2310植物学性状和农艺性状优良；移栽至现蕾56.00 d，移栽至中心花开64.33 d，大田生育期119.00 d；在烟草普通花叶病毒（TMV）和马铃薯Y病毒（ PVY）普遍发生年份未发生以上病害；产量3536.55 kg/hm2，产值44792.25元/hm2，均价12.68元/kg，上等烟比例19.61%；原烟外观质量较好，与对照品种 NC89相当；烟叶主要化学成分含量适宜，内在化学成分协调。 PVH2269植物学性状和农艺性状也较优良；移栽至现蕾56.67 d，移栽至中心花开65.67 d，大田生育期较长，126.00 d；TMV轻微发生，病指0.25，PVY病指2.21；产量3384.30 kg/hm2，产值38398.95元/hm2，均价11.35元/kg，上等烟比例22.82%；原烟外观质量较好，与对照品种 NC89相当；烟叶主要化学成分含量适宜，内在化学成分协调。[结论]PVH2310和PVH2269综合性状表现较好，可以在黑龙江烟区进一步示范验证。